12345 efghi UNIVERSITY OF WALES SWANSEA
نویسندگان
چکیده
One objective of this study is to assess the influence of the number of dangling arms at each end of the pom-pom molecule on flow characteristics in a 4:1 planar rounded-corner contraction, where varying the number of arms affects the level of entanglement in the system. For these complex flows, we evaluate the major influence of extensional viscosity and Trouton ratio when comparing kinematic-based as opposed to phenomenological network-based models. The stability of the proposed extended pom-pom model (XPP) is investigated for a range of Weissenberg numbers utilising a Hybrid finite element/volume scheme. For this scheme, we solve the momentum/continuity equations by a fractional-staged Taylor-Galerkin/pressurecorrection procedure and invoke a cell-vertex fluctuation-distribution finite volume scheme for the constitutive law. Distinction may be drawn between fluid response in the extension-hardening regime and those displaying a degree of softening. In particular, trends in salient-corner vortex-intensity response can be associated with the extensional properties of the extended version of the pom-pom model. Critical levels of solution elasticity attainable depend on precise extensional viscosity characteristics. The influence of various model parameters upon field response is described through, rates of deformation, stress and stretch.
منابع مشابه
12345 efghi UNIVERSITY OF WALES SWANSEA
For finitary set functors preserving inverse images several concepts of coalgebras A are proved to be equivalent: (i) A has a homomorphism into the initial algebra, (ii) A is recursive, i.e., A has a unique coalgebra-to-algebra morphism into any algebra, and (iii) A is parametrically recursive. And all these properties mean that the system described by A always halts in finitely many steps.
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